Percentages

 

The word  percent means

“out of one hundred”

 

 

%  means  ÷ 100   

 

 

Percentages are just fractions

 with  a denominator of 100

 

 

 

Examples

 

 

 

 

 

 

Calculating percentages – using fractions

 

Convert both numbers into fractions,

then follow the rules for  multiplying fractions.

 

 

 

Example

 

 

 

Calculating percentages –  using units

 

It is easy to find 1% of a value – just divide by 100.

 

The required  percentage can then be built up.

 

To find 5%, multiply 1% by 5.    { or half 10%}

To find 10%, divide by 10.

To find 20%, divide by 5          { or double 10%}

To find 30%, multiply 10% by 3       { ÷10 x 3}

To find 40%, multiply 20% by 2      { ÷5 x 2}

To find 50%, divide by 2

To find 60%, multiply 10%  by 6 , etc.

 

 

To find 0.1%, divide  1% by 10

 

 

VAT @ 17.5% is very easy to calculate:

 

17.5% = 10% + 5% + 2.5%

so, Divide by 10 to get 10%

      Half  your answer  to get 5%

     Half  your answer  to get 2.5%

 

Add all three up !

 

 

 

 

Examples

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Calculating percentages –  using the calculator

 

Save yourself effort – divide the number in front of the

percentage sign by 100.

 

100%   = 1            

 

10 %  = 0.1

 

1% = 0.01

0.1% = 0.001

 

Examples

 

90% of £34,567

= 0.9 x 34,567

= £31,110.30

 

 

235.6% of £34,567

= 2.356 x 34,567

= £81439.85